Suchergebnisse

"Villagers in Indonesia hear a steady stream of stories about the injuries, abuses, and even deaths suffered by those who migrate in search of work. So why do hundreds of thousands of Indonesian workers continue to migrate every year? Carol Chan explores this question from the perspective of the origin community and provides a fascinating look at how gender, faith, and shame shape these decisions to migrate. Villagers evaluate men and women's migrations differently, leading to different ideas about which kinds of human or financial flows should be encouraged and which should be discouraged or even criminalize. Despite routine and well-documented instances of Indonesian migrant labor exploitation, some villagers still emphasize that a migrant's success or failure ultimately depends on that individual's morality, fate, and destiny. Indonesian villagers construct strategies for avoiding migration-related risks which are closely linked to faith and belief in supernatural agency. These strategies shape the flow of migration from the country and help to ensure the continued faith Indonesian people have in migration as an act of promise and hope."

AbstractIn this article, I examine the multinational mobility and citizenship practices of ethnic Chinese who moved to Chile after living in another Latin American country. Despite being permanent residents or Chilean citizens, some hope to return to a previous country of residence in Latin America. Based on 18 semi‐structured interviews conducted between October 2016 and August 2018, their experiences illuminate two aspects of multinational migrations. First, unlike pre‐planned serial migrations of global elites or 'step‐wise' migrant workers, these multinational mobilities are nonlinear and open‐ended, due to their contingence on volatile and racialized political economies. Second, unlike transnational migrants who typically maintain links to 'origin' countries, they seldom visit China or Taiwan, and instead visit other countries in the Americas, due to business, familial, and affective ties. I discuss the main factors shaping the contingent nature of their mobilities and attachments to Chile, which influences the multiple onward pathways possible in their futures.

Este artículo propone que los intermediarios han sido poco considerados o ignorados en las discusiones políticas y académicas sobre migración internacional en América Latina. Rescatando el rol histórico de los intermediarios o brokers en la migración global, se busca desafiar el énfasis sobre la agencia de migrantes y el rol del Estado en explicar migración regional, presentando el estado del arte sobre infraestructura de migración y su relevancia. Finalmente, se muestra que los diversos casos de migraciones asiáticas en Chile evidencian la importancia política del concepto y el fenómeno del uso de intermediarios.

Este artículo propone que los intermediarios han sido poco considerados o ignorados en las discusiones políticas y académicas sobre migración internacional en América Latina. Rescatando el rol histórico de los intermediarios o brokers en la migración global, se busca desafiar el énfasis sobre la agencia de migrantes y el rol del Estado en explicar migración regional, presentando el estado del arte sobre infraestructura de migración y su relevancia. Finalmente, se muestra que los diversos casos de migraciones asiáticas en Chile evidencian la importancia política del concepto y el fenómeno del uso de intermediarios. ; This article takes as its starting point the observation that brokers have been overlooked in political and academic discussions about international migration in Latin America. Highlighting the historical role of brokers in global migration, this article challenges current scholarly emphasis on migrant agency and the role of the State in explaining regional migration. It does so by providing an overview of current research on migration infrastructure and arguing for its relevance to Latin America. Finally, diverse cases of Asian migration to Chile are described and analyzed as a way to highlight the political importance and relevance of the concept and the phenomenon of migration brokers. ; Este artigo propõe que os intermediários foram mal considerados ou ignorados nas discussões políticas e acadêmicas sobre migração internacional na América Latina. Resgatando o papel histórico de intermediários ou intermediários na migração global, buscamos desafiar a ênfase na agência de migrantes e o papel do Estado na explicação da migração regional, apresentando o estado da arte da infraestrutura de migração e sua relevância. Por fim, mostra-se que os vários casos de migrações asiáticas no Chile mostram a importância política do conceito e o fenômeno do uso de intermediários.

AbstractIn this article, I consider how and why some non‐migrants partially inhabit migrant subjectivities. Based on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Central Java, Indonesia, I describe the experiences of those who embarked on pre‐departure migration processes, but failed to leave the country. Men were often victims of fraud; women typically ran away from the confines of training centres. When redirected away from the border spaces of airports and recruitment centres, they typically identify themselves and are perceived by kin and neighbours as 'former' transnational migrants. I analyse how migration infrastructure – intersecting institutions, agents and technologies – produces such subjectivities in‐between conventional migrant and non‐migrant categories. These positions in between leaving and staying illuminate the infrastructural conditions that enable, constrain and mediate transnational mobilities. These cases of non‐departure show the expansive social and spatial effects of migration infrastructure beyond the facilitation of transnational movement. Such less considered (im)mobilities of non‐migrants point to the diverse ways in which migration institutions and agents mediate the circulation of persons between and within national borders.

Many Chilean women employers desire domestic workers who are also 'partners' or 'someone to do life with'. Taking 'partnership' or 'compañerismo' seriously, this paper draws on an affective labor framework and economic sociology to examine how care and power operate in affective and highly commodified labor relations between Chilean women employers and migrant Filipina domestic workers. We contextualize this discussion within historical relations of servitude in Chile and salient demands for more horizontal social and gender relations. We show that rather than reinforcing power or control, employers' emphases on affective aspects of the labor relation enable their willful ignorance of power hierarchies, through normalizing the racialized presence of the worker in the household. However, explicit talk about money exposes the material conditions of affect and care in this racialized affective relationship. This reveals the uneven distribution and production of both care and power in the household, and highlights the disruptive nature of care work as affective labor.